Ascites
Acidity, also known as acid reflux or acid indigestion, is a condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing discomfort. This backflow, known as gastroesophageal reflux, can lead to various symptoms, including:
- Heartburn: A burning sensation in the chest, often after eating, which might be worse at night or when lying down.
- Regurgitation: A sour or bitter-tasting acid backing up into the throat or mouth.
- Dyspepsia: General discomfort in the upper abdomen, including bloating, burping, and nausea.
- Sore throat: Irritation of the throat caused by the acid.
- Chronic cough: A persistent cough, often worse at night.
- Hoarseness: A change in voice quality, usually due to acid irritating the vocal cords.
Causes of Acidity:-
Acidity can be triggered by various factors, including:
- Dietary choices: Consuming large meals, spicy foods, fatty or fried foods, citrus fruits, tomatoes, chocolate, mint, garlic, onions, or caffeinated and carbonated drinks.
- Lifestyle factors: Obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and lying down immediately after eating.
- Medications: Certain drugs, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and some muscle relaxers.
- Medical conditions: Hiatal hernia, pregnancy, diabetes, and conditions that slow stomach emptying.
Diagnosis and Treatment:-
Diagnosis typically involves a review of symptoms and medical history. In some cases, additional tests such as endoscopy, pH monitoring, or esophageal manometry may be required.
Treatment strategies for managing acidity include:
Lifestyle modifications:
- Eating smaller, more frequent meals.
- Avoiding trigger foods and beverages.
- Elevating the head of the bed to prevent nighttime symptoms.
- Losing weight if overweight.
- Quitting smoking and reducing alcohol intake.
Medications:
- Antacids: Provide quick relief by neutralizing stomach acid.
- H2-receptor antagonists: Reduce acid production.
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): Block acid production and allow time for damaged esophageal tissue to heal.
- Prokinetics: Help strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter and empty the stomach faster.
Surgical interventions: In severe cases, surgery such as fundoplication may be considered to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter.